Dr Tlou Setumu Like the Matebele of Langa, the Matebele of Kekana originated from the Hlubi in Zululand. They have elephant (tlou) as their totem. Their earliest chief, who appeared to have led them into the Transvaal, was Musi (Msi / Muši). Musi was succeeded by his son, Manala.

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Later the chiefdom split into fi ve divisions, among the five sons of Manala. One of these sons, Matombeni (Kekana) settled at Moletlane and established the Kekana chiefdom. A section of the Kekana broke away under Kgošigadi Mashashane and called themselves the Ledwaba people. Their new place was called Mashashane and was also represented by Kgoši Jack Eiland and Kgoši Jonathan Maraba. Another small section later broke away from Mashashane and settled near Mogalakwena River under Kgoši Nkidikitlana. Another branch of the Kekana settled near Sefakaola Hill, at the present day town of Potgietersrus. This branch is commonly known as those of Mokopane, named after one of their revered chiefs.

At Sefakaola hills, these Kekana people were mostly hunters and there were also fewer farmers. During their settlement at Sefakaola hills, Mmakgopa and Kgaba were their leaders and they did not have an actual chief because they were nomadic due to wars. Among the two, Mmakgopa was the senior leader. Around that area they found the Sotho speaking communities such as the Mashishi. Because of competition for resources, conflicts among the Matebele and Sotho communities were not uncommon. While they were still at Sefakaola hills, power struggle erupted between Mmakgopa and Kgaba.

As a result, Kgaba broke away and settled at the present day Moordrif. Kgaba had two sons, Tšhumane and Kwenane. Manyelenyele and Tlokwa were the main aides of Kgaba. After Kgaba died, the actual chieftaincy commenced and Tšhumane was made chief. Tšhumane was not the elder, but Kwenane was.

But because Kwenane didn’t take care of their mother, the mother convinced the community to appoint Tšhumane chief. Tšhumane then fathered Mokopane (Setšwamadi). Kwenane fl ed after he was not appointed as chief. He settled in the Bapedi country. When a circumcision school was instituted, Kwenane came back with mercenaries and killed his old rival brother, Tšhumane, who was made chief. Tlokwa was also implicated in the assassination of Tšhumane.

Ramahlwa Kekana pursued the Bapedi mercenaries who killed Tšhumane. It was actually Ramahlwa who saw that Tlokwa was also with the killers. To prove Tlokwa’s ambitions and involvement in the assassination of Tšhumane, he came to take over the reigns of power, thereby succeeding the slain chief. This happened even if it was known that he orchestrated Tšhumane’s murder.

It became very clear that Tlokwa’s intention was to take over power eventually. He also annexed the use traditional medicines and rainmaking (boroka) which belonged to Tšhumane.

As Tlokwa was ruling, Tšhumane’s son, Mokopane, was growing. As he was growing bakgomana were planning to reveal to him how Tlokwa had actually killed his father, and forcefully took power. They only waited for the right time to do that. When the bakgomana were convinced that Mokopane was old enough to handle the situation, they sent him to Tlokwa to demand certain ritual medicines, the thebele.

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